Which is Better: Vegetarian (HPMC) or Gelatin Capsules?
Consumer demand is shifting. You see it every day, especially in the dietary supplement industry. Consumers are asking for more transparency and visibility when it comes to what’s in their medicine cabinet — whether it’s more detailed ingredient lists, clearer sourcing information or more safety assurances from manufacturers. The fact is, consumers are driving the discussion around their health products in terms of sustainability and safety as much as effectiveness. In this evolving landscape, the shift towards plant-based and vegetarian (HPMC) capsules in the industry is more than a trend – it is a necessity.
Fueling this shift is, in part, the rise of vegan and plant-based diets. Experts report the number of Americans who adhere to a vegan diet increased 600% from 2014 to 2018 for reasons that include animal welfare, environmental impact and media influence.
The movement, however, is driven not only by ethical considerations, but also by science and more practical reasons like safety and product performance. Manufacturers of nutritional and pharmaceutical products everywhere are eager to explore the key distinctions between vegetarian capsules and traditional gelatin capsules, and reasons why demand is rapidly shifting towards HPMC.
Aversion to Animal Byproducts
Traditional gelatin capsules are derived from animal byproducts, including processed bones, cartilage and skin. While there isn’t direct evidence of transmission from gelatin capsules, there are concerns and perceived risks that come with any animal-based products around the danger of diseases like BSE (mad cow disease). The World Health Organization has raised concerns regarding transmissible spongiform encephalopathies, a category that includes BSE. Vegetarian capsules, on the other hand, avoid this risk entirely, providing a safer alternative.
Additionally, in an increasingly globalized market, complying with diverse dietary restrictions and ethical considerations is crucial. Vegan and vegetarian capsules ensure compliance with Halal and Kosher requirements, enhancing their appeal across various cultural and religious demographics.
Ethical & Environmental Considerations
Vegetarian capsules are the clear choice when it comes to sustainability and slowing the effects of climate change. The manufacturing process of HPMC capsules utilizes less energy and water, making it more sustainable and environmentally friendly, according to a report by Capsoleum.
Choosing plant-based and vegetarian capsules is also an ethical decision in terms of animal welfare and animal cruelty. The creation of vegetarian capsules, by definition, means the avoidance of the exploitation and slaughtering of animals associated with gelatin production.
Temperature and Humidity Stability
HPMC capsules, thanks to their plant-derived cellulose, are protected by a physically stable polymer that’s resistant to strict heat and humidity conditions. In short, vegetarian capsules handle variations in temperature and humidity better than gelatin capsules. This is important when ensuring product stability and quality for the consumer, as well as protecting the investment of your supply.
Non-Toxic & Non-Digestible
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), commonly used in vegetarian capsules, is non-toxic and non-digestible. It simply passes through the body without adverse effects.
On the other hand, studies show that animal-based gelatin may sometimes cause allergic reactions. These symptoms can include a tingly or itchy mouth, swelling of the lip, tongue, throat, or face — as well as vomiting, diarrhea, and cramping.
Lower Bacteria Growth
Lastly, HPMC capsules inherently possess a reduced tendency for bacteria proliferation. Animal-based materials, such as gelatin, are often more susceptible to bacterial and microbial growth due to the organic nature and proteins found in these materials.
Studies suggest the bacteriological quality of gelatin is always in question. While extreme temperatures and pH conditions during the manufacturing process should ensure the sterility of the product, quality-control testing suggests bacteria may persist.
There have been reports of gram-positive and gram-negative contamination in the gelatin production process — which can then filter into the pharmaceuticals and food & beverage products with which it is formulated.
This makes the choice of vegetarian capsules an added safety measure in capsule formulation, both in terms of long-term product shelf life and reducing potential risks to the consumer.
The choice between vegetarian and gelatin capsules should consider your consumer preference, product performance and sustainability standards. In summary, plant-based and vegetarian (HPMC) capsules provide the following advantages over traditional gelatin capsules:
- Enhanced Safety: They negate the potential risks of animal-related diseases
- Improved Health Compatibility: Being non-toxic and non-digestible, they align better with human health
- Sustainable Manufacturing: They’re more sustainable for the environment, less ethically flawed, and better aligned with modern consumer demands
- Superior Performance: Their resilience in various storage conditions ensures product integrity
Vegetarian capsules embody the intersection of science, ethics, health, and environmental stewardship. The choice is practical, as well as strategic, to align with the evolving demands of consumers and regulators alike.
Learn More About Vegetarian (HPMC) Capsules
As the world’s first and only vertically-integrated manufacturer of empty vegetarian (“HPMC”) capsules, SD Head supplies high performance plant-based capsules at a competitive price, combined with excellent service. Learn more about our leading brand of Caps-Healsee® vegetarian capsules, and get in touch today with an expert from SD Head USA.
References
“Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies,” World Health Organization, 2003
“Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose: A Review,” by Y. Thakur and A. Thakur, in the International Journal of PharmTech Research, Vol.7, No.1, 2014
“Cellulose ethers in pharmaceuticals” by N. A. Peppas and J. J. Sahlin, in “Fiber Diffraction Methods,” ACS Symposium Series, 1987